Cut-off for steam-engines



2 Sheets-Sheet l..

E E E 3 Patented Nov. 4, 1890.

G FUSSELL, J r GUT-OEE EOE STEAM ENGINES.

(No Model.)

' (No Model.) 2 sheets-#sheet 2L G. FUSSELL. Jr. GUT-OEE EOE STEAM ENGINES.

Patented Nov. 4, $1890.'

@wv/iugm@ l 54412014160@ am? Eiw f @16 mls ations/m I NTT-nn STATES ATaENT Fries.

CUT-OFF EOR STEAM-ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 440,103, dated November 4, 1890.

Application filed July 12, 1890. Serial No. 358,561. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, t may concern.-

Beit known that I, GEORGE FUSSELL, Jr., a citizen of the United States, residing at Lockport, in the county of Niagara and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Out-Ois for Steam- Engines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

The object of this improvement is to provide a cut-off which will automatically cut oi the steam at the proper point at each stroke to prevent any unnecessary use of steam, and at the same time be durable and readily built at a comparatively low cost.

The invention consists in the peculiar construction, arrangement, and combination of parts hereinafter more particularlydescribed and then denitely claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of part of an engine having my improvement. Fig. 2 is a vertical central transverse section of the governor. Fig. 3 is a vertical central transverse section through the line @c a: in Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a detail of part of the cut-off with parts removed to show other parts. Fig. 5 is a perspective detail of part of the cut-off. Fig. G is a vertical central section through the valve-chest. Fig. 7 s a similar section at right angles to that shown in Fig. 6.

Referring now to the details of the draw- 'ings by letters and Figures, A represents the cylinder of the engine of any approved form, on the side of which is the steam-chest B, having caps b h and central partition O, dividing it into two parts for the live and exhaust steam.

At each end of the cylinder is a passage D, (shown in dotted lines in Figs. 6 and 7,) leading to the ports E, the top of which communicates with the upper or live-steam section of the chest, while the other communicates with the lower or exhaust section.

The inlet or live-steam section is provided with a valve F and the exhaust with another valve G, both preferably alike and having suitable valve-rods f g. These valves work between gibs c c, or other suitable guides bolted to the partition C, as shown in Fig. 7.

At H (see Fig. l) is shown a rod operated in any suitable manner by a connection with the shaft of the engine, (not shown,) and having an open slot 7i, which slips on a wrist-pin i' on an arm I, which is mounted on a stud J, fixed to the frame K of the engine. This same pin t' carries a link L, whose other end is pivoted to the valve-rod g. Above the arm I is another arm M, mounted lon the same stud J that carries the arm I, and having a pin m that carries a link N, pivotally connected to the valve-rod f, so that when these two arms move in unison simultaneous motion is given to the valves F G in opposite direct-ions.

At the back of arm M and fast thereon is a pin O, and above or below it (at the will of the constructer) is another pin P, fast in the frame of the engine, and bearing on both sides of these two pins are the ends of a spring Q, whose central portion is coiled around the stud J.

The arm M is provided with ashoulder m',

which overhangs the top of the arm I, and is provided with a sliding dog R, which is forced downward by a spring S into a hole 7l in the top of the arm I, and is provided with ahandle r, by which it can be raised out of the hole '1l when necessary or desired. At the back of the handle is a toe r', which rides over two cut-off segments T, (see Figs. 4 and 5,) pivoted at t to the frame of the engine, and are connected by rods U to the governorslides V, operated by the motion of the ring XV, connected to the governor-arm X by the links Y in a manner well understood.

Rising from the governor-arms X and firmly attached thereto are two ears 2, each having a hole in its upper end to receive the ends of a rod 3, around which is a spiral spring 4, one end of which bears against one of the ears 2 and the other against a regulating-nut 5, which is screwed upon the rod 3, one end of which is threaded -for this purpose. At 6 is shown a collar, which is fast on the rod 3, and this collar rests against one of the ears 2, as shown in Figs. l and 2. Motion is given to the governor by a belt z, which passes over a pulley 7 on a shaft 8,thatcarries a bevel-gear 9, meshing with another similar gear 10 on a ICG shaft 11, carrying the head 12, to which is connected the arms X, carrying the balls 13. The shafts 8 and 11 are mounted in suitable bearings 14 and 15 in the standard 16, which is provided with a flange 17, by which it is bolted to the frame of the engine, as shown in Fig. 1.

The operation is as follows: Steam being admitted to the engine, as the shaft revolves the rod II gives a vibrating motion to the arm I, which in its turn gives motion to the arm M by means of the dog R, and these two arms thus give a reciprocating motion to the valves F G in opposite directions, whereby steam -is admitted to and exhausted from the cylinder in a manner well understood. As long as the engine is carrying a load that will keep the engine running .at its normal speed this action continues; but should there be such a lightening of the load or an increase in the pressure of the steam as to cause the engine to increase its speed the balls of the governor would immediately rise, thus causing the ring W' to lift the slides V, rods U, and segments T, and these latter would act on the toe r and lift the dog R out of the hole i in the arm I, and thus break the connection between the two arms. The spring Q (or rather one end of it) now comes into play and, acting on the pin O, forces the arm M to assume a perpendicular position, thus cutting ott the steam. The arm I, however, continues its motion, and as it comes into the perpendicular position the dog R drops into the hole t" in the arm I, and thus the two arms are again connected and the valve F is again given motion in the opposite direction to open the port to admit steam to the opposite end of the cylinder, where, it the engine is still running too fast, the same operation is repeated and the other end of the spring Q acts upon the pin O and again causes the arm M to assume a perpendicular position and thus cut off the steam from that end of the cylinder. From this it will be seen that this arrangement makes a perfect automatic cut-oit that is not only certain in its operation, but it is not likely to get out of order. If it is desired to heat the engine before starting, it is only necessary to raise the handle r and thus lift the dog R out of the hole i', when, by pressing on the handle m in the desired direction, the valve G may be moved, and thusv steam may be admitted to either end of the cylinder or both in succession, as desired. Below the pivoted end of one of the segments is shown a removable pin 18. If the engineer should wish to leave the engine-room, he should remove this pin, and should the governor-belt break during his absence the pivoted end of the segments will drop, thus elevating the free ends, which will act on the toe r and cut oft' the steam, so that all danger from racing due to the breakage of the governor-belt is thus prevented. By adjusting the spring 4 by means of the nut 5 the sensitiveness of the governor under an increase ot speed of the engine may be increased or decreased at pleasure.

Vhat I claim as new is- 1. In a cut-off and in combination with inlet and exhaust valves, two arms, each connected to a separate valve, and means for locking said arms together to move simultaneousl y or independently, substantially as described.

2. In a cut-off and in combination with the inlet and exhaust valves, two arms locked together to move simultaneously, and means for automatically unlocking said arms, substantially as described.

3. In a cut-ott and in combination with inlet and exhaust valves, two arms locked together to move simultaneously, and an adjustable unlocking device, substantially as described.

4. In a cut-oft and in combination with inlet and exhaust valves, two arms locked together to move simultaneously, an adjustable unlocking device, and a spring for returning one of the arms to a perpendicular position when the arms are unlocked, substantially as described.

5. In a cut-oft and in combination with inlet and exhaust valves, two arms locked together to move simultaneously, an unlocking device, and a governor connected with said unlocking device, substantially as described.

6. In a cutoff and in combination with inlet and exhaust valves, two arms, a springactuated dog in one locking it to the other, the pivoted segments for unlocking the same, and a connection with the governor for operating said segments, substantially as described.

7. In a cut-oft and in4 combination with inlet and exhaust valves, two arms, a springactuated dog in one locking it to the other, the pivoted segments T, the rods U, and the slides V, working in the standard 16 and operated by the ring WV sliding on said standard, substantially as described.

8. The combination, with the reciprocating rod H, the arm I, connected thereto, the arm M, connected to arm I, the valves F G, connected to said arms, the dog I, the segments T, rods U, slides V, and ring W, operated by the motion of the governor-balls, substantially as described.

9. The combination of the standard 16, the slides V, moving in grooves therein, and the ring IV, acting on said arms and connected to the arms X, carrying the balls 13.

10. The combination, in a governor, of the balls 13, the arms X, having ears 2 extending above the pivotal point of said arms X, and an adjustable spring 4, set between and IOC] IIO

acting on the ears 2, substantially as shown and described. v

11. The combination of the steam-chest B,

i having a central partition C, provided with tri ple-ended passages therein communicating with the cylinder and the inlet and exhaust chambers, with reciprocating Valves alternately opening and closing the inlet and exhaust ends of said passages, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I aix my signature, in presence of two Witnesses, this 10th day of July, 1890.

GEORGE FUSSELL, JR.

Witnesses:

T. J W. ROBERTSON, GEORGE FUSSELL. 

